N\u1ebfu Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, chi nh\u00e1nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn \u0111ang b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian qua.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (NHNN) \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn giao d\u1ecbch ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, chi nh\u00e1nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. T\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m 3 \u0110i\u1ec1u 2 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n bao g\u1ed3m: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 tr\u00fa l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VN), c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i VN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng VN (VN\u0110), ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7.<\/p>\n
\u201cQuy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00eau tr\u00ean nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n n\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i VN. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (TCTD) khi tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u201d \u2013 NHNN l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n
G\u1ee1 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc<\/p>\n
Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i d\u00f9 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa hay kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. B\u1edfi Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i 2005 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i (2013) kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 tr\u00fa l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng VN\u0110 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c TCTD.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ecb L\u1ec7 Th\u1ee7y (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c, hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean khoa ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Sau hai n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, anh ta ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7.000 USD v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u1edf VN. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111i g\u1eedi th\u00ec nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n
\u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec c\u1edb g\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. B\u1edfi n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1eeda ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c TCTD t\u1ea1i VN. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i VN, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i VN s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i\u201d \u2013 ch\u1ecb Th\u1ee7y n\u00eau quan \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n
Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Thanh H\u00e0, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch SBLAW, cho hay \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n lu\u1eadt cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u201cc\u00f4ng d\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d. H\u1ecd c\u01b0 tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u1edf VN nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i VN. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t huy \u0111\u1ed9ng VN\u0110 hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 cao, \u1edf m\u1ee9c 6,5%-8,2%\/n\u0103m t\u00f9y t\u1eebng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb USD sang VN\u0110 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u00ec s\u1ebd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00fat v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00f2n chuy\u00ean gia kinh t\u1ebf C\u1ea5n V\u0103n L\u1ef1c cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a NHNN nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap thu h\u00fat m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 cho VN\u201d.<\/p>\n
G\u1eedi ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7?<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng b\u0103n kho\u0103n l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 1 v\u00e0 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 11 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i khi g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng VN\u0110 th\u00ec r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng VN\u0110. Nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ecd g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 th\u00ec bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf t\u1ea1i TCTD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 cho TCTD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c NHNN \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Hu\u1ef3nh Trung Minh nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y th\u00ec cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 hay VN\u0110 nh\u01b0ng khi r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn VN\u0110. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n
\u201cC\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed h\u1ecd vui v\u1ebb ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng VN\u0110 nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng chi ti\u00eau h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n VN\u0110 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n d\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 theo t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, hay l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111em \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee3 \u0111en. Do \u0111\u00f3 trong d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o n\u00ean ch\u0103ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung n\u1ed9i dung l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m khi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi VN. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n\u201d \u2013 \u00f4ng Minh n\u00eau quan \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed3ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, chuy\u00ean gia kinh t\u1ebf C\u1ea5n V\u0103n L\u1ef1c cho r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u1edf t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n, b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ee9 hai, l\u00fac h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 h\u1ecd g\u1eedi b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ra b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng? Th\u1ee9 ba, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn, kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd hay thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u00ec quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1eeda ti\u1ec1n\u2026<\/p>\n