C\u00e1c m\u1eabu di ch\u00fac th\u1eeba k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac chu\u1ea9n theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c khai nh\u1eadn th\u1eeba k\u1ebf sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a di ch\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u2013 M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 di ch\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3<\/strong> \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n:<\/strong> \u2013 N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a di ch\u00fac<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. N\u1ed9i dung di ch\u00fac l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0u s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf, giao ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf, ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh di s\u1ea3n th\u1eeba k\u1ebf\u2026\u00dd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m 3, \u0110i\u1ec1u 8 BLHS. Vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 di ch\u00fac s\u1ebd b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n \u2013 H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a di ch\u00fac<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt: H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a di ch\u00fac l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac (n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a di ch\u00fac); l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh quan h\u1ec7 th\u1eeba k\u1ebf theo di ch\u00fac, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong di ch\u00fac. V\u00ec v\u1eady, di ch\u00fac ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n + Di ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i, c\u00f9ng k\u00fd t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ec9. Trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 5 ng\u00e0y<\/span>, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec di ch\u00fac ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau 3 th\u00e1ng<\/span> k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, minh m\u1eabn, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t th\u00ec di ch\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u00fd ch\u00ed, nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac.<\/p>\n + \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi di ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/strong> \u00bb T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac th\u1eeba k\u1ebf<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2013 M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac vi\u1ebft tay<\/a>
\n\u2013 M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac th\u1eeba k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t<\/a>
\n\u2013 M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng<\/a>
\n\u2013 M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c<\/a>
\n\u2013 M\u1eabu di ch\u00fac chung c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng<\/a><\/p>\n
\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee7 18 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee7 15 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 18 tu\u1ed5i (ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u201cl\u1eadp th\u00e0nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha, m\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd\u201d. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5ng \u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho h\u1ecd l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung di ch\u00fac, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac minh m\u1eabm, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t trong khi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac.<\/p>\n
\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n khi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac; kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i, \u0111e d\u1ecda ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u00e9p. T\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa mong mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 quan \u2013 mong mu\u1ed1n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\nDi ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng;
\nDi ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng;
\nDi ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng;
\nDi ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c.
\nV\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, d\u00f9 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o th\u00ec di ch\u00fac ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung sau:<\/strong>
\nNg\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng, n\u0103m l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac;
\nH\u1ecd t\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac;
\nH\u1ecd t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng di s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng di s\u1ea3n;
\nDi s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 di s\u1ea3n;
\nVi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5.
\n\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, di ch\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u;
\nN\u1ebfu di ch\u00fac g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u trang th\u00ec m\u1ed7i trang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp di ch\u00fac. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i di ch\u00fac b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015.<\/p>\n