{"id":391,"date":"2015-03-10T08:29:18","date_gmt":"2015-03-10T08:29:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/?p=391"},"modified":"2021-07-27T16:09:44","modified_gmt":"2021-07-27T09:09:44","slug":"phat-trien-phuong-thuc-hoa-giai-trong-thuong-mai-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/phat-trien-phuong-thuc-hoa-giai-trong-thuong-mai-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/div>\n
\n

Ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i hay trung gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i 1 (Commercial Mediation) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p thay th\u1ebf (ADR) v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng do nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y so v\u1edbi t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u00f2a \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p<\/a> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p thay th\u1ebf n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

1. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean)2. H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba (h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i \u1edf ch\u1ed7, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 ra ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i vi\u00ean. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p mang t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn sau khi xem x\u00e9t, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i dung, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u. Theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9ng ra th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng (public mediation) v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0 (private mediation). H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng do c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u00f2a \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ee9ng ra th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 court-based mediation). H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh4. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111ang c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p) \u0111\u1ee9ng ra h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kinh doanh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea35. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u di\u1ec5n ra nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a CIETAC (Trung Qu\u1ed1c), Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Delhi (\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9), Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Indonesia, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Malaysia, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Philippine, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Singapore, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e1i Lan6\u2026 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u1ea1i Singapore, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Singapore (SMC), t\u00ednh t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 4\/2009, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 1.400 v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 75%. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh, tr\u00ean 90% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f4ng ty, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tranh ch\u1ea5p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i\u2026 Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn (tr\u00ean 90 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la Singapore) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i SMC. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ph\u00ed, c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p thu\u1ed9c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a trung th\u1ea9m (High Court), n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u00ean ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i SMC, c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi 80.000 \u0111\u00f4 la Singapore. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2008 v\u1edbi 18.884 b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 1.563 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p khi tham gia h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i SMC, tr\u00ean 80% \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 94% cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c khi c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef17.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay T\u00f2a \u00e1n, theo \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do c\u00e1c th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i vi\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng8. Ngo\u00e0i ra, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edd t\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111ang tranh ch\u1ea5p (nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m\u2026) \u0111\u1ee9ng ra th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i9. Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Ph\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VIAC) \u0111\u01b0a ra B\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 200710.<\/p>\n

2. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c b\u00ean n\u00e0o tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean s\u1ebd g\u1ee3i \u00fd v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c b\u00ean v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i m\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c b\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i vi\u00ean, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 ra ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 t\u1eebng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd do c\u00e1c b\u00ean t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh b\u00ed m\u1eadt
\n<\/strong>
\nKhi tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, c\u00e1c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd cam k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c b\u00ean. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin do c\u00e1c b\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. \u201c\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00e1ch quan\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft nhau, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p n\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh hay \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan, b\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0 r\u00fat lui kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n quy t\u1eafc h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, nh\u00ecn chung, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay T\u00f2a \u00e1n. C\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i song song v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay T\u00f2a \u00e1n11. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

3. Quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Nh\u00ecn chung, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hai b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u1edbi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i; m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i, khi \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia tham gia h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. Vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft, b\u1ea3n th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c b\u00ean ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i khi th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c b\u00ean thi\u1ebfu thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed\u2026).<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, so v\u1edbi t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i v\u00e0 T\u00f2a \u00e1n th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c b\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i dung th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u01a1i h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho th\u1ea5y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ed m\u1eadt kinh doanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00ecnh trong m\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kinh doanh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kinh doanh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n, mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 ra bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1edfi m\u1edf, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00ean trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u00e1t sinh khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p s\u1ebd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u1ec1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cM\u1ecdi tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i\u2026 (t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i)\u2026 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n Quy t\u1eafc h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c b\u00ean cam k\u1ebft s\u1ebd tham gia h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u00e1n hay tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng\u2026<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n ngay trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00ean tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ri\u00eang. \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau khi x\u1ea3y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n t\u1edbi T\u00f2a \u00e1n th\u00ec T\u00f2a \u00e1n s\u1ebd th\u1ee5 l\u00fd v\u1ee5 \u00e1n hay s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee5 l\u00fd v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i (t\u1ea1i VIAC) tr\u01b0\u1edbc? Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u1ee5 l\u00fd v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng l\u1eafm c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c T\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ef1c thi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ee5 l\u00fd v\u1ee5 \u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y12. Kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1eaft c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, do v\u1eady, v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng T\u00f2a \u00e1n th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee5 l\u00fd v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c T\u00f2a \u00e1n. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Anh, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore13\u2026 c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111i theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 cho thi h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, T\u00f2a \u00e1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee5 l\u00fd v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u1ebfu (i) \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i), ho\u1eb7c (ii) \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, hay (iii) c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu b\u00ean kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, T\u00f2a \u00e1n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0) trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1eafp t\u1edbi. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y, ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 v\u1edbi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i\u2026 V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 \u201cd\u00e1m\u201d trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1edbi nhau kh\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u14 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i? Ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n b\u1ecf ng\u1ecf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2004 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u 66, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2004 c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i khai b\u00e1o n\u1ebfu l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y? M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean vi ph\u1ea1m cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u00f2a \u00e1n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u00e1n v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u 97 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2004 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, T\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt kinh doanh theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hay kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a r\u00f5. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hay b\u00ed m\u1eadt kinh doanh th\u00ec ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u T\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u T\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 trong ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng T\u00f2a \u00e1n, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tham gia v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng T\u00f2a \u00e1n hay tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i sau n\u00e0y. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i khai b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u do c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u00ean trong t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u00e1n hay tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c thi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a coi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 cho thi h\u00e0nh ngay, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 coi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean. Do v\u1eady, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c thi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u00ean kia c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n t\u1edbi T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ghi nh\u1eadn th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ra ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho b\u00ean b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m. Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, do v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Hi\u1ec7n nay, nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean t\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u2018Negotiation\u2019).<\/p>\n

(2) Xem Goldberg, Sander & Rogers, Dispute Resolution: Negotiation, Mediation and Other Processes, (1992), trang 103.<\/p>\n

(3) V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i theo Quy t\u1eafc h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VIAC).<\/p>\n

(4) Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

(5) Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ICC, AAA, WIPO, LCIA, HKIAC, UNCITRAL\u2026<\/p>\n

(6) Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007, 07 trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Delhi (\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9), Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Indonesia, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Malaysia, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Philippine, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Singapore, Trung t\u00e2m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (AMA) v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1, chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong khu v\u1ef1c. Xem website c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i < http:\/\/www.asianmediationassociation.org>.<\/p>\n

(7)Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb website c\u1ee7a SMC online t\u1ea1i <http:\/\/www.mediation. com.sg\/mediation statistics.htm><\/p>\n

(8) Xem k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o c\u00e1o \u2018D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p\u2019 do Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa hoc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2013 B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong b\u00e0i \u2018Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u2013 Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n l\u00fang t\u00fang\u2019 tr\u00ean B\u00e1o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n online t\u1ea1i <http:\/\/www.daibieunhandan.vn\/Trangchu\/VN\/tabid\/66\/CatID\/7\/ ContentID \/99439\/Default.aspx#><\/p>\n

(9) Tuy v\u1eady r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

(10) Quy t\u1eafc h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u ph\u00ed h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea1i website c\u1ee7a VIAC t\u1ea1i http:\/\/www.viac.org.vn\/vi-VN\/Home\/default.aspx. R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc, hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y VIAC \u0111\u01b0a ra con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

(11)Ch\u00fa \u00fd: khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VIAC), theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Quy t\u1eafc h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay T\u00f2a \u00e1n trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

(12)V\u00ed d\u1ee5 LV Katz, \u2018Enforcing an ADR Clause \u2013 Are Good Intentions All You Have?\u2019, (1988) 26 American Business Law Journal 575; M Shirley & A Wood, \u2018Dispute Resolution Clauses\u2019, (1991) 7 Queensland University of Technology Law Journal 165; Joel Lee, \u2018The \u00c8nforceability \u00f2 Mediation in Singapore\u2019, Singapore J\u1ecfunal of Legal Studies, (1999) 229-247\u2026<\/p>\n

(13) V\u00ed d\u1ee5, xem Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 31 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i <http:\/\/www.news.gov.hk\/lawandorder\/091229\/html\/091229en08004.htm> theo \u0111\u00f3, T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p thay th\u1ebf (ADR) v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean, T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n

(14) \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ed m\u1eadt kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

SOURCE: T\u1ea0P CH\u00cd NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U L\u1eacP PH\u00c1P \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec \u2013 THS. L\u01afU H\u01af\u01a0NG LY \u2013 Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Khoa Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadt H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: nclp.org.vn<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00bb Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p kinh doanh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i hay trung gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i 1 (Commercial Mediation) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[219],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=391"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}