{"id":31636,"date":"2015-02-26T18:08:00","date_gmt":"2015-02-26T11:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/?p=31636"},"modified":"2023-10-06T15:54:12","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T08:54:12","slug":"thong-tu-173-tandtc-huong-dan-xet-xu-ve-boi-thuong-thiet-hai-ngoai-hop-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/thong-tu-173-tandtc-huong-dan-xet-xu-ve-boi-thuong-thiet-hai-ngoai-hop-dong\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 173-TANDTC h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 173-TANDTC h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n hay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00bb Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 02\/2022\/NQ-H\u0110TP v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00bb Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 03\/2006\/NQ-H\u0110TP b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

H\u1ed8I \u0110\u1ed2NG TH\u1ea8M PH\u00c1N TO\u00c0 \u00c1N NH\u00c2N D\u00c2N T\u1ed0I CAO
********<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

VI\u1ec6T NAM D\u00c2N CH\u1ee6 C\u1ed8NG H\u00d2A
\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u2013 T\u1ef1 do \u2013 H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac
********<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

S\u1ed1: 173-TANDTC<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1972<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>TH\u00d4NG T\u01af<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u1ee6A TO\u00c0 \u00c1N NH\u00c2N D\u00c2N T\u1ed0I CAO S\u1ed0 173-TANDTC 1NG\u00c0Y 23 TH\u00c1NG 3 N\u0102M 1972 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN X\u00c9T X\u1eec V\u1ec0 B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I NGO\u00c0I H\u1ee2P \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/p>\n

I- \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG L\u1ed0I CHUNG V\u1ec0 B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I NGO\u00c0I H\u1ee2P \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n hay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chung l\u00e0: Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hay m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tinh th\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 coi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t ph\u1ee5. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau do c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c g\u00e2y ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng hai bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

1- Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng do c\u1ed1 \u00fd ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed tham \u00f4, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong tru\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ho\u1eb7c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u2026. (\u0110i\u1ec1u 7, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 49-CP ng\u00e0y 9-4-1958 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7).<\/p>\n

2- Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9 theo \u201cch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d do Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 49-CP n\u00f3i tr\u00ean quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u 5: C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c vi ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong khi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9, theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y\u2026 v\u00e0 do x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1eed l\u00fd theo c\u0103n c\u1ee9, m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

II- X\u00c1C \u0110\u1ecaNH TR\u00c1CH NHI\u1ec6M B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I NGO\u00c0I H\u1ee2P \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

A- C\u01a0 S\u1ede C\u1ee6A TR\u00c1CH NHI\u1ec6M B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I NGO\u00c0I H\u1ee2P \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t sinh khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t do c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn. Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0: hoa m\u00e0u s\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, hay s\u00fac v\u1eadt s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebb m\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

    2- Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. H\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t vi ph\u1ea1m quy t\u1eafc sinh ho\u1ea1t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

    Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec th\u1eeba h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft do lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng coi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i coi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

    3- Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt; hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tuy h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    4- Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: c\u1ed1 \u00fd hay v\u00f4 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

    B- M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 TR\u01af\u1edcNG H\u1ee2P C\u1ee4 TH\u1ec2<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

    1- Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y ra; c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. a) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng chung g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u1edbi nhau, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi b\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do h\u1ecd g\u00e2y n\u00ean. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u1edbi nhau c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 (nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o, tham \u00f4\u2026), nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng nhau g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi (nh\u01b0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi do c\u00f9ng l\u0103n g\u1ed7 \u1edf tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fd g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n\u2026) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 (nh\u01b0 t\u00ean tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp v\u00e0 k\u1ebb ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp), h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i (1)<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Do h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi, n\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng chung g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf, b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i; sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a n\u1ed9p ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ri\u00eang trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia \u0111\u1ec1u cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

      Khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng chung.<\/p>\n

      G\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec To\u00e0 \u00e1n ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e9t x\u1eed k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, th\u00ec trong ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, To\u00e0 \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 tuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi; c\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec To\u00e0 \u00e1n s\u1ebd b\u1ed5 sung sau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, th\u00ec To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba tuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi, v\u1eeba \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

      \u2013 N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng chung g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u1edbi nhau, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi m\u00e0 To\u00e0 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang cho t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi (th\u00ed d\u1ee5: hai \u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u00f3ng nhanh, c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i n\u00ean va ph\u1ea3i nhau v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng).<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. b) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        C\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tuy kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i; c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nh\u1eb9 (th\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i m\u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8o ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ph\u00f3ng nhanh, l\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hay r\u1ebd \u1ea9u, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe \u00f4 t\u00f4, v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 tr\u00e1nh m\u00f4 t\u00f4 m\u00e0 g\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n

        Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i (ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u00f4 t\u00f4) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i; c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i m\u00f4 t\u00f4), ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. c) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i, m\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fd n\u1eb7ng, th\u00ec To\u00e0 \u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

          N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fd nh\u1eb9, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

          Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 \u00fd mong mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u00ed d\u1ee5: ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lao v\u00e0o \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

          2- Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

          N\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean g\u00e2y n\u00ean, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ngc\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng; c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. a) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean g\u00e2y ra.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u00e0nh vi d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do h\u1ecd g\u00e2y ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, cha m\u1eb9 (hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m h\u1ed9) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i (\u0110i\u1ec1u 17 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh) ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do con c\u00e1i c\u00f2n v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

            Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra, th\u00ec t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean g\u00e2y n\u00ean (th\u00ed d\u1ee5: theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1eabn h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111i d\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169 l\u1ea5y g\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y th\u00eam l\u1edbp, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ee1 t\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, h\u1ecdc sinh d\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho hai em ch\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t em b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n

            Ri\u00eang ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean n\u00e0o v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 16 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u00e0nh vi d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, tuy ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do h\u1ecd g\u00e2y ra b\u1eb1ng thu th\u1eadp hay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, th\u00ec cha m\u1eb9 (hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m h\u1ed9) ph\u1ea3i b\u00f9 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. b) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh g\u00e2y ra.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 18 tu\u1ed5i, m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ra. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 thu th\u1eadp hay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, th\u00ec To\u00e0 \u00e1n v\u1eabn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng cho ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

              Qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch cha m\u1eb9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh g\u00e2y ra. To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

              Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp, c\u00f2n \u1edf chung v\u00e0 chung kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9, m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i , th\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chung v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9. To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u00ean to\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

              3- Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

              C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 quan trong khi thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, do h\u00e0nh vi li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng , m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c , th\u00ec c\u01a1 quan , x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 theo quan h\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

              Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 quan l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 do h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0u l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang, m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

              To\u00e0 \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y gi\u1eefa tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e2y do th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. a) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c s\u00fang s\u0103n g\u00e2y n\u00ean. C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed (theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 157-CP ng\u00e0y 11-12-1961 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u0169 kh\u00ed qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u1ec3 thao qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) trong khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0: tu\u1ea7n tra, canh g\u00e1c, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp, lau ch\u00f9i v\u0169 kh\u00ed\u2026 m\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fd l\u00e0m n\u1ed5 s\u00fang g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec c\u01a1 quan, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0 \u0111em \u0111i s\u0103n b\u1eafn\u2026, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed trong khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 do v\u00f4 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u00f2 m\u00f2, ngh\u1ecbch v\u0169 kh\u00ed, g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u01a1 quan, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p giao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f2 m\u00f2, ngh\u1ecbch v\u0169 kh\u00ed, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed do v\u00f4 \u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u00f2 m\u00f2, ngh\u1ecbch v\u0169 kh\u00ed, g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a tai n\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 \u00fd nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a tai n\u1ea1n. H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f2 m\u00f2, ngh\u1ecbch v\u0169 khi g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a tai n\u1ea1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u01a1 quan, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p giao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f2 m\u00f2, ngh\u1ecbch v\u0169 kh\u00ed, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u01b0\u1ee3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho m\u01b0\u1ee3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a tai n\u1ea1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u01b0\u1ee3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed, sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00fang s\u0103n (theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 246-TTg ng\u00e0y 17-5-1950 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7) v\u00e0 do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00fang s\u0103n m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd cho m\u01b0\u1ee3n hay \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u00f2 m\u00f2, ngh\u1ecbch s\u00fang g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. b) Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd xe.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd xe \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u00f4 \u2013 t\u00f4 \u2013 l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd xe th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c \u0111i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 th\u0103m gia \u0111\u00ecnh g\u1ea5p, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i nh\u1edd xe \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

                  Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn cho \u0111i nh\u1edd xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f2n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 l\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

                  V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p xe cho \u0111i nh\u1edd c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd xe, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn cho \u0111i nh\u1edd xe xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1ed1t, v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung, nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00ec m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c cho \u0111i nh\u1edd xe kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd xe cho \u0111i nh\u1edd.<\/p>\n

                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn cho \u0111i nh\u1edd xe l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u00fd, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c do c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5m cho \u0111i nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn xe c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3), ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i (nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng xe ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n ti\u00eau ri\u00eang, ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111em h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 phi ph\u00e1p, h\u00e0ng l\u1eadu thu\u1ebf, ch\u1edf k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\u2026), th\u00ec n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn cho \u0111i nh\u1edd xe ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u1edd xe; trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                  4- Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do s\u00fac v\u1eadt g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do s\u00fac v\u1eadt g\u00e2y ra (nh\u01b0 ch\u00f3 d\u1ea1i c\u1eafn g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u00e2u h\u00fac ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay s\u00fac v\u1eadt b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng) th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fac v\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f4ng coi, ch\u0103n d\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

                  N\u1ebfu s\u00fac v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (nh\u01b0 cho m\u01b0\u1ee3n\u2026), m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00fac v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

                  C\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f4ng coi, ch\u0103n d\u1eaft s\u00fac v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

                  5- Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

                  Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra do s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y n\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng do l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ai; c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i (nh\u01b0 tai n\u1ea1n \u00f4-t\u00f4 x\u1ea3y ra do c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ee7a xe, b\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb n\u1ed5 khi \u0111ang v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, tai n\u1ea1n do d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y\u2026)<\/p>\n

                  Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u do s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y n\u00ean, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 do l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i th\u00ec c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i, ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                  M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n nguy hi\u1ec3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i khi ng\u01b0\u00f2i b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 \u00fd hay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 \u00fd n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra (nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lao v\u00e0o \u00f4-t\u00f4 \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed; ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m ng\u1ee7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng c\u00f2i, ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a xe l\u1eeda, b\u1ecb xe l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp h\u00e3m nghi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft\u2026).<\/p>\n

                  II- \u1ea4N \u0110\u1ecaNH M\u1ee8C B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

                  A- NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG<\/p>\n

                  Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i bao nhi\u00eau th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5y nhi\u00eau, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i .\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2m ch\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i (c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i).<\/p>\n

                  Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. a) \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ed1 \u00fd; ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00f4 \u00fd m\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i;<\/li>\n
                  2. b) \u1ea4<\/strong>n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00f4 \u00fd m\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf tru\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i; ho\u1eb7c khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00f4 \u00fd, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00f4 \u00fd n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Ngo\u00e0i ra, To\u00e0 \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng hay mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, To\u00e0 \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n, v\u00ec trong khi thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1m ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    B- T\u00cdNH TO\u00c1N THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I V\u00c0 \u1ea4N \u0110\u1ecaNH M\u1ee8C B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG<\/p>\n

                    C\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng, tu\u1ef3 theo lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n hay thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb<\/p>\n

                    THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I V\u1ec0 T\u00c0I S\u1ea2N.<\/p>\n

                    C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng hai c\u00e1ch: b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n. B\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u0169 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 To\u00e0 \u00e1n th\u1ea5y h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, h\u1ee3p t\u00ecnh, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng; n\u1ebfu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch th\u00ec thanh to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

                    1- Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. a) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 mua b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00e1n l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 mua b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 do, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb khi ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c khi x\u00e9t x\u1eed.<\/li>\n
                    2. b) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo tem phi\u1ebfu, th\u00ec n\u1ed9i dung thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m: gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n mua theo tem phi\u1ebfu (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n) v\u00e0 tem phi\u1ebfu (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n). V\u00ec v\u1eady:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u2013 N\u1ebfu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo tem phi\u1ebfu v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 mua t\u1ef1 do kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tem phi\u1ebfu).<\/p>\n

                      \u2013 N\u1ebfu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo tem phi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 trong khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, th\u00ec n\u00f3i chung, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3; v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n tranh th\u1ee7 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh h\u1eefu quan, nh\u01b0 U\u1ef7 ban K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, U\u1ef7 ban V\u1eadt gi\u00e1 hay c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho s\u00e1t h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. c) T\u00ednh to\u00e1n tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hao m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n m\u1edbi nguy\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu hao m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        2- Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chung, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. a) Khi \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do c\u01a1 quan h\u1eefu quan (hay H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n) c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho To\u00e0 \u00e1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i theo gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/li>\n
                        2. b) Khi \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec tu\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 \u00edt , kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c , kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00ec lo ng\u1ea1i cho kh\u00f4ng thi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                        3. c) N\u1ebfu thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tem phi\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tem phi\u1ebfu) v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 cung c\u1ea5p (c\u1ea7n tem phi\u1ebfu) lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          3- \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

                          Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. a) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 thu l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hay to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. (\u0110i\u1ec1u 20, \u0111o\u1ea1n 3, c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, hay \u0110i\u1ec1u 16, \u0111o\u1ea1n 3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 thu l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n tu\u1ef3 theo ngu\u1ed3n thu l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i thu b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 (theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n).<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 thu l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 x\u00e9t x\u1eed b\u1ecdn c\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m, th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng (\u0110i\u1ec1u 21 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, hay \u0110i\u1ec1u 17 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n), c\u00f2n tu\u1ef3 theo ngu\u1ed3n thu l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 , c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 thu l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 (theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

                              T\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do tai n\u1ea1n g\u00e2y n\u00ean, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

                              1- T\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ph\u1ea3i chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. a) Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ph\u1ea3i chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n do c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn, do n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd, hay c\u01a1 quan, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n nh\u01b0:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                \u2013 Ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ed1c men, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ti\u1ec1n chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u00e2n gi\u1ea3, tay gi\u1ea3, m\u1eaft gi\u1ea3, ti\u1ec1n ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0u xe, \u0111i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n;<\/p>\n

                                \u2013 Ti\u1ec1n chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t khi n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebft;<\/p>\n

                                \u2013 Ti\u1ec1n chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 t\u00e0u, xe c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n g\u1ea7n g\u0169i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0: cha, m\u1eb9, v\u1ee3 ,ch\u1ed3ng hay con c\u00e1i, th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay do b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u1ea1i ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n khi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. b) Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadt hay b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n nh\u01b0:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  \u2013 Thu th\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t sau th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hay sau khi ch\u1ebft;<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n g\u1ea7n g\u0169i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, do th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay do b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n khi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

                                  Khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 Xem x\u00e9t t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra, th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 T\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chung hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 150 \u0111\u1ed3ng(2) <\/sup>c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t do \u0111i l\u1ea1i, ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t xa m\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh th\u00eam, nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ednh cao h\u01a1n 150 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n v\u1ec1 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, c\u00fang b\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1c m\u1ea3 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng mai t\u00e1ng ph\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                                  T\u00ednh thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n thu nh\u1eadp sau khi x\u1ea3 ra tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa thu nh\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp sau khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n, l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat;<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n sau khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thu nh\u1eadp n\u1eefa, th\u00ec thu nh\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebft v\u00ec tai n\u1ea1n, th\u00ec m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n chi ti\u00eau cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 Thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh, thu nh\u1eadp ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh hay thu nh\u1eadp ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn thu nh\u1eadp do l\u00e0m \u0103n tr\u00e1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                                  2- \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u00fd, c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n:<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, th\u00ec d\u00f9 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, th\u00ec kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u00ednh b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i trong kho\u1ea3ng 3 n\u0103m; g\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t; (nh\u01b0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n thu nh\u1eadp v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean\u2026) th\u00ec b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

                                  Khi \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thanh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n; To\u00e0 \u00e1n g\u1eedi kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd giao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t, To\u00e0 \u00e1n m\u1edbi giao l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t hay v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                                  \u2013 N\u1ebfu n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tu\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, n\u1ebfu gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

                                  3- K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

                                  Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u00e2n lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u00f3i chung. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, khi gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan h\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (do Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 218-CP ng\u00e0y 27-12-1961 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh). Hai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n hay c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

                                  V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n (hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd) \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

                                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n l\u1ea1i qu\u1ef9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (th\u00ed d\u1ee5: ti\u1ec1n mai t\u00e1ng ph\u00ed).<\/p>\n

                                  To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ban b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho s\u00e1t, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cho to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

                                  IV- NG\u01af\u1edcI \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C H\u01af\u1edeNG B\u1ed2I TH\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6T H\u1ea0I<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i (c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay c\u01a1 quan x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p). Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

                                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

                                  1- T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n th\u1eeba k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

                                  2- T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hay tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 v\u00e0o thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t hay b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                                  3- Kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0u xe, v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n khi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

                                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

                                  \u0110\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u01a1 quan, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, To\u00e0 \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh hay c\u01a1 quan h\u1eefu quan v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n

                                  1- C\u01a1 quan, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, sau khi b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 ghi kho\u1ea3n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 hay m\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft to\u00e1n (t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t to\u00e1n), th\u00ec kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9p v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

                                  N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a t\u1ea5t to\u00e1n, th\u00ec c\u01a1 quan, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ecb g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n ngang v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ghi trong s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n . N\u1ebfu m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

                                  Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean, To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n b\u00e1o cho c\u01a1 quan hay c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cho c\u01a1 quan t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n theo d\u00f5i.<\/p>\n

                                  2- Trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u00ec kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9p v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

                                  Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/p>\n

                                  (1) L\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh To\u00e0 \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u0103m 1967 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n

                                  \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 s\u0103n b\u1eafn v\u00f4 \u00fd l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c l\u1ee3i c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u1eddng s\u0103n b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n nhau : Vi\u1ec7c chia \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt th\u00fa r\u1eebng s\u0103n b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111i s\u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ; vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n ai thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebb c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y ra tai n\u1ea1n m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nhau g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. To\u00e0 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i can thi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

                                  (2) Do th\u1eddi gi\u00e1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c To\u00e0 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t theo gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n

                                  \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                  		\n

                                  Ph\u1ea1m H\u01b0ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  (\u0110\u00e3 k\u00fd)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                  Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 173-TANDTC h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n hay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[131],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31636"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31636"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31636\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40227,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31636\/revisions\/40227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31636"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31636"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31636"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}