{"id":30509,"date":"2017-12-11T20:24:00","date_gmt":"2017-12-11T13:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/?p=30509"},"modified":"2021-12-19T09:38:27","modified_gmt":"2021-12-19T02:38:27","slug":"tim-hieu-ve-xet-hoi-tai-phien-toa-hinh-su-so-tham","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/tim-hieu-ve-xet-hoi-tai-phien-toa-hinh-su-so-tham\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m. X\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t x\u1eed t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0, trong \u0111\u00f3 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. <\/samp><\/p>\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n nh\u01b0: x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, nghe k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, xem x\u00e9t x\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ecdc bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1eddi khai, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7\u2026<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 khi ra b\u1ea3n \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf ch\u1ed7: Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra c\u00f4ng khai, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00f2n xem x\u00e9t v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng, xem x\u00e9t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1i li\u1ec7u v.v\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng khai, minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed. <\/p>\n

1. C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng
<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 306 BLTTHS, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3. \u00dd ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u \u0111i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

BLTTHS 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i M\u1ee5c V Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng XXI (th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c tranh t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0) l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a BLTTHS 2003, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n tranh t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng truy t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i g\u00ec, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a BLHS. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c tranh t\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c tranh t\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

BLTTHS 2015 c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cKi\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u \u0111i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o\u201d c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc nguy\u00ean v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o th\u00ec sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc xong b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean m\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u \u0111i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: B\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t truy t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u201cC\u1ed1 \u00fd g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch\u201d theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 134 BLHS nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng do Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 l\u1ea1i truy t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u201cGi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 123 BLHS. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft, sau khi t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 cho To\u00e0 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb x\u00e9t x\u1eed, trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb x\u00e9t x\u1eed, Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 cho Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 truy t\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 \u00e1n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng \u201cqu\u00ean\u201d kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y coi nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb c\u00e1o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00ec H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n phi\u00ean to\u00e0. V\u00ec v\u1eady, sau khi Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc xong b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed5i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o: \u201cB\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng?\u201d N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ch\u01b0a chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t trong b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n phi\u00ean to\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n pb\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c phi\u00ean to\u00e0 th\u00ec H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n phi\u00ean to\u00e0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng, \u0110i\u1ec1u 306 BLTTHS quy \u0111\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng, d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u \u0111i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0o v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean to\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng giao cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n phi\u00ean to\u00e0. <\/p>\n

Sau khi Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc xong b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda kh\u00f4ng tham gia x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 307 BLTTHS, th\u00ec H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u1eed ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0\u0303ng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, t\u1eebng t\u1ed9i trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecfi sau theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 sau khi ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ai h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecfi sau l\u00e0 do ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tham gia x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3n \u00e1n c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng ngh\u1ecb gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u1ea9m, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng tham gia x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, r\u1ed3i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda kh\u00f4ng tham gia x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Khi x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Khi x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed xem x\u00e9t v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, v\u00ec th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi hay d\u1edf c\u00f2n tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed, h\u1ecfi ai tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khai b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ph\u1ea1m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau, kinh nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e9t x\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u1ed9i m\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u00ean quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 C\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp trong gi\u1ea3 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy t\u1ed1, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0\u0303ng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, t\u1eebng t\u1ed9i trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 307 BLTTDS, th\u00ec khi x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c do ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sau khi ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Sau khi ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay h\u1ecfi sau, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tham gia phi\u00ean to\u00e0, tr\u1eeb b\u1ecb c\u00e1o th\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u00eam, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia phi\u00ean to\u00e0. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u00eam b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ai \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? N\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a ra, ch\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u0309 to\u0323a phi\u00ean to\u0300a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, th\u00ec \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y BLTTHS ch\u01b0a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tranh t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a do th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p theo Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 49\/NQ-TW c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, m\u00e0 BLTTHS c\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec m\u1edbi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n tranh t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 \u00e1n vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u1ecfi l\u1eabn nhau nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n nh\u01b0: b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i; b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v.v\u2026 V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang tinh th\u1ea7n tranh t\u1ee5ng th\u00ec BLTTHS n\u00ean quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

3. H\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o<\/strong><\/h3>\n

B\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb T\u00f2a \u00e1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0\u0111\u01b0a ra x\u00e9t x\u1eed. T\u01b0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ecb c\u00e1o k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n ra x\u00e9t x\u1eed th\u00ec b\u1ecb can tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, th\u00ec khi h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi ri\u00eang t\u1eebng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ly h\u1ecd. B\u1ecb c\u00e1o b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 (kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 309\u00a0BLTTHS).<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 309 BLTTHS, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed r\u1ea5t \u00edt khi ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, v\u00ec s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u1ea7m b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng trong tay \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng n\u00eau, c\u00f3 khi m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, n\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec c\u00f3 khi c\u1ea3 bu\u1ed5i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng xong. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c To\u00e0 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ngay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng: \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a to\u00e0, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ph\u1ea7n tranh lu\u1eadn\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian x\u00e9t x\u1eed, ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: t\u1ed9i danh, \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t truy t\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y khi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 309 BLTTHS, th\u00ec Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 BLTTHS \u00a0n\u00ean quy \u0111\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea3n c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng, v\u00ec t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng n\u00ean Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, ch\u01b0a r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 vi ph\u1ea1m Lu\u1eadt Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u00e0 Quy ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 m\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n c\u1ea3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i th\u00ec l\u1ea1i n\u00ean h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n d\u00e2m \u00f4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi 16 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi h\u00f4n v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a n\u00ean d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean t\u00f2a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tranh t\u1ee5ng gi\u01b0a b\u00ean bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u00ean g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i, th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m th\u00ec c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u 54 BLHS; trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi che gi\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m v\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00e1o b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o t\u1eebng t\u1ed9i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00e1o b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u1ecfi h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, h\u1ecfi h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi sau c\u00f9ng. C\u00e1ch x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y tuy ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian x\u00e9t x\u1eed nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00ec l\u00fd do th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: v\u1eeba l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u00fd g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch gi\u1eefa hai t\u1ed1p thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh nhau. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch, th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a n\u00ean h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 l\u1eddi khai t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi l\u1eddi khai t\u1ea1i C\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n im l\u1eb7ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o t\u1ea1i C\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u01b0 k\u00fd phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ghi v\u00e0o bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n phi\u00ean t\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u0169ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 307 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y h\u1ecfi xong m\u1edbi t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p khi x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u1ecfi, ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi th\u00eam b\u1ecb c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

4. X\u01b0ng h\u00f4 t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a
<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 anh, ch\u1ecb, \u00f4ng, b\u00e0, c\u00f4, ch\u00fa, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u (n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u. V\u1eady g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u00fang? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ho\u00e1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 trong c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed, theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u00ec nay BLHS quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 chung l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o<\/strong>. X\u01b0ng h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong phi\u00ean to\u00e0, l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba c\u00f3 v\u0103n ho\u00e1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H khai cho H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 1-2-2020 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ti\u1ec1n cho \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n Quang K kh\u00f4ng?\u201d v.v\u2026<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 ra t\u00f2a, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: C\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n X b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu. V\u1eady ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho C\u00f4ng ty X ra t\u00f2a v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o? Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 C\u00f4ng ty th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c, T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng C\u00f4ng ty l\u1ea1i \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ra t\u00f2a, th\u00ec T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ra t\u00f2a v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o\u201d hay ph\u1ea3i k\u00e8m theo v\u1ecb ng\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho C\u00f4ng ty X hay ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00f4ng ty X\u201d. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o\u201d th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f4ng ty X\u201d th\u00ec l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh doanh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00ean th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho C\u00f4ng ty X\u2026 \u201d\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi, l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed n\u00ean T\u00f2a \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 sao cho b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, kh\u00e1ch quan, c\u00f4ng minh, theo \u0111\u00fang tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y, nhi\u1ec1u H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed khi x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn s\u1eb5n ho\u1eb7c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed s\u1ebd ra b\u1ea3n \u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. Khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd coi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1ch quan, kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng quy ch\u1ee5p (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi theo ki\u1ec3u b\u1ee9c cung ho\u1eb7c m\u1edbm cung); kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o; kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia phi\u00ean to\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a khi ch\u01b0a tuy\u00ean \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y do th\u00f3i quen, nhi\u1ec1u Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n sao \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o \u201ckhu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c\u201d t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0, l\u00e0m thay vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb c\u00e1o n\u1ebfu s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m thay vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i n\u1ebfu s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ho\u00e1 phi\u00ean to\u00e0 (v\u0103n ho\u00e1 x\u00e9t x\u1eed) m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n phi\u00ean to\u00e0, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng khai b\u00e1o t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c tranh lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa, b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

5. H\u1ecfi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd<\/strong><\/h3>\n

5.1 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLTTHS, th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, uy t\u00edn do t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111e d\u1ecda g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

So v\u1edbi BLTTHS 2003 th\u00ec BLTTHS 2015 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cb\u1ecb h\u1ea1i\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n do t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111e d\u1ecda g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i\u201d, c\u00f2n c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, uy t\u00edn do t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111e d\u1ecda g\u00e2y ra g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o t\u0103ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o, c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u00e1n b\u1ecb c\u00e1o ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i tham \u00f4 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i n\u00ean nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o t\u0103ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. Nay BLTTHS 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, uy t\u00edn do t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111e d\u1ecda g\u00e2y ra c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201cv\u00f4 l\u00fd\u201d n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLTTHS 2015, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i n\u1eefa nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt nh\u01b0: tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, l\u1ee3n, g\u00e0\u2026 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. BLTTHS 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, uy t\u00edn do t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111e d\u1ecda g\u00e2y ra l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tham gia phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng BLTTHS v\u1eabn quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLTTHS ho\u1eb7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o b\u1ea3n \u00e1n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLHS 2015.<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 3 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLTTHS \u00a02015, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi BLTTHS 2003 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e9t x\u1eed vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c T\u00f2a \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. H\u1ecd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay sau khi Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa? N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i th\u00ec Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi \u201clu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i\u201d n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo logic, th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean, v\u00ec l\u1eddi \u201clu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i\u201d c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 t\u1ed9i cho b\u1ecb c\u00e1o. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i r\u00fat y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o th\u00ec H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00f3 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t x\u1eed kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e9t x\u1eed.\u2026<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, Ki\u1ec3m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLTTHS quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 BLTTHS th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 62 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1;<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u01b0a ra ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1;<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt;<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 \u00e1n;<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt;<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t, m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ea\u0323t ha\u0323i, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Tham gia phi\u00ean t\u00f2a; tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kha\u0301c tham gia phi\u00ean t\u00f2a; tranh lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; xem bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n phi\u00ean t\u00f2a;\u00a0<\/p>\n

-T\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p cho m\u00ecnh;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, danh d\u1ef1, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n th\u00edch cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh khi b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o b\u1ea3n \u00e1n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng;<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. <\/p>\n

theo LS. \u0110inh V\u0103n Qu\u1ebf (Nguy\u00ean Ch\u00e1nh t\u00f2a H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 TANDTC)
<\/span>ngu\u1ed3n T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed T\u00f2a \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (http:\/\/tapchitoaan.vn)
<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00bb Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c x\u00e9t x\u1eed s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00bb Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean t\u00f2a h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m. X\u00e9t h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t x\u1eed t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean to\u00e0, trong \u0111\u00f3 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, b\u1ea3n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[213],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30509"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30509"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30509\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatsubaoho.com\/phapluat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}